Land Description: S1/2 NW1/4 S14 T19N R10E. This is a description of land. It is read from back to front, first finding on a map the Range, then Township, then Section. This piece of land would be the South 1/2 of the Northwest 1/4 part of Section number 14 in a specific Township. Land Measures: 1. length: one mile equals 5280 feet, eighty chains, 320 rods, or 1760 yards. One rod equals 5.50 years, 16.5 feet or 25 links 2. Area: one square mile equals 640 acres or 102,400 square rods. One acre equals 4840 square yards or 43,500 square feet. One square rod equals 30.25 square yards, or .006 of a square acre. Yard Land: 1. A quantify of land which varies from fifteen to forty acres. In some places a quarter of an acre was called a yard of land. 2. a barn or pen for animals 3. a farmyard Land Patent: the document which states the settler had a permanent claim and was the first purchaser of a piece of land. Land Right: the legal obligations which are attached to ownership of land. Land Warrant: a certificate issued by a land office which entitled the possessor to a certain number of acres of land. The certificate was negotiable. Military warrant: a document issued by the land office requesting that land be set aside for a veteran entitled to it for his military service. The land was located in Ohio and Kentucky and eligibility for its ownership was based upon the veteran's military certificate. Military Certificate: a document stating that a person's proof of military service had been presented to the proper authorities and, therefore, he was eligible for a specific amount of land as compensation. There was only one claim to this type of land available to each person. Military land: public land which was reserved for Revolutionary or War of 1812 soldiers to receive as part of their compensation for service. Bounty Land (Federal): shortly after the beginning of the Revolutionary War the Continental Congress promised land to those who would serve in the Continental Army. The acreage of land so promised was on a sliding scale based on rank. For example, an enlisted man was to receive 100 acres, while a major general was to have 1,000 acres. Bounty land (State): in some states the promise of issuing land for service in the Revolutionary War was far more liberal than that of the federal government which led many veterans to trade bounty land warrants for state warrants. Patriotic service: during the Revolutionary War these persons did not serve on the field of battle, but served as wagoners, furnished ammunition or supplies and therefore were eligible for pensions. Many services to the Continental Army are now a part of the regular army; chaplains, physicians, veterinarians, paymasters, quartermasters, etc. Bondsman: a person, sometimes referred to as a surety, who pledges a sum of money as bond for another. "bond" servant: an indentured servant Bondman: 1. male slave 2. a man who had been bound into service without wages being paid 3. a tenant who was not free, a villein. Bondwoman: a female slave Bondmaid: a female who has been bound into service with no wages paid/a female slave. Marriage Bond: in Colonial days, this was a sum of money promised, usually by the parents or a close relative of a young couple, to the governor of the state. This was asked to ensure that there was no reason, moral or legal, for the couple not to marry and that they would not become charity cases. Money did not actually change hands, but could be called for if the marriage did not fulfill the requirements. Marriage register: a book which lists marriage licenses issued and, frequently, marriage returns. This book is kept at a clerk's office in the courthouse. Marriage return: notation by a minister which states on which date he married a couple. Nephew: 1. the male child of a person's brother or sister 2. sometimes in old documents can refer to other relatives: grandson, cousin, etc. 3. a descendant Neeveye: descendants Nee: born. This word is used after a married woman's surname to indicate her maiden name, e.g., Mrs. Marian Johnson, nee Baker. New mother: a Colonial term for a stepmother. Overseer: 1. A Colonial official appointed to do one of any number of supervisory jobs, a road supervisor 2. an officer of the Quaker church who had the duties of the business affairs of the meeting, preparing answers to queries, giving advice to members and preventing the introduction of unnecessary matters and premature complaints into meetings for business and discipline 3. Ordnance office in charge of construction. Sometimes he is called a superintendent 4. A person in charge of work on a plantation 5. An overlooker frequently appointed in wills. Sometimes the executor was called an overseer 6. a man in the pillory Overseer of the poor: in Colonial days the person appointed to this post purchased the materials to be used in work done by the unemployed. He also dispensed aid to the poor. Overseer of the road: a person appointed to maintain a specified stretch of road. He obtained workers to care for the road from the people who lived along it and used the road most frequently.